Growing Demand for Humic Acid in Agriculture BY: Lydia

ⅠThe essence and sources of humic acid

1.Humic acid (HA) is a type of macromolecular organic substance widely present in nature, formed by the long-term transformation of animal and plant residues (such as lignin, proteins, carbohydrates) through microbial decomposition and geochemical processes (such as high temperature, high pressure, oxidation). It is an important component of soil organic matter and a key active ingredient in coal (especially lignite, weathered coal) and peat.

2.Classification and Composition:

The humic acid family includes three components

humic acid (fulvic acid), which has the smallest molecular weight, the strongest water solubility, and the highest activity.

Brown humic acid (humic acid): Medium molecular weight, partially soluble in alkali or acid.

Black rot extract (humin): has the highest molecular weight, is insoluble in water, and has strong stability.

The molecular structure of humic acid is complex, containing a large number of active functional groups such as carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, and quinone groups, which endow it with strong ion exchange and chelating abilities.

Ⅱ.Why is humic acid "magical"? Four core functions of scientific analysis

1.Soil improvement: From "compaction" to "sponge" physical improvement: Humic acid combines with soil particles to promote the formation of aggregate structure, increase soil porosity, and enhance water and fertilizer retention capacity. Chemical remediation: adsorption of heavy metals (such as cadmium and lead) to reduce toxicity; Adjust soil pH and alleviate salinization. Biological activation: providing carbon sources for soil microorganisms, promoting the reproduction of probiotics, and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria.

2. Promote plant growth: Natural "growth hormone" promotes root development: stimulates root cell division, increases root surface area, and enhances nutrient absorption efficiency. Nutrient Enhancement: Chelate nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements to reduce loss and increase fertilizer utilization rate by 20% to 30%. Photosynthesis: enhances chlorophyll synthesis, prolongs leaf functional period, and increases dry matter accumulation.

3. Enhance stress resistance: The "immune armor" of plants is resistant to drought and cold: by regulating the content of proline and soluble sugars in the plant body, it enhances the ability of cell osmotic regulation. Disease and insect resistance: Inducing plants to produce disease resistant proteins (such as chitinase) to inhibit pathogen infection. Detoxification ability: Decompose pesticide residues and alleviate pesticide and fertilizer damage.

4. Environmental protection and carbon neutrality: The "green code" for agriculture reduces fertilizer usage by 30% to 50% and lowers non-point source pollution. By carbon sequestration (humic acid with a carbon content of 50%~60%), it helps achieve carbon neutrality goals.  

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